AutoCAD Training Module by TecnisiaCAD

Significance of Meshing in Analysis

MESHING IN ANALYSIS

Finite Element Analysis (FEA) provides a reliable numerical technique for analyzing engineering designs. The process starts with the creation of a geometric model. Then, the program subdivides the model into small pieces of simple shapes (elements) connected at common points (nodes). Finite element analysis programs look at the model as a network of discrete interconnected elements.

The Finite Element Method (FEM) predicts the behavior of the model by combining the information obtained from all elements making up the model.

Meshing is a very crucial step in design analysis. The automatic mesher in the software generates a mesh based on a global element size, tolerance, and local mesh control specifications. Mesh control lets you specify different sizes of elements for components, faces, edges, and vertices.

The software estimates a global element size for the model taking into consideration its volume, surface area, and other geometric details. The size of the generated mesh (number of nodes and elements) depends on the geometry and dimensions of the model, element size, mesh tolerance, mesh control, and contact specifications. In the early stages of design analysis where approximate results may suffice, you can specify a larger element size for a faster solution. For a more accurate solution, a smaller element size may be required.

Meshing generates 3D tetrahedral solid elements, 2D triangular shell elements, and 1D beam elements. A mesh consists of one type of elements unless the mixed mesh type is specified. Solid elements are naturally suitable for bulky models. Shell elements are naturally suitable for modeling thin parts (sheet metals), and beams and trusses are suitable for modeling structural members.

Solid Mesh

In meshing a part or an assembly with solid elements, the software generates one of the following types of elements based on the active mesh options for the study:

Draft quality mesh	The automatic mesher generates linear tetrahedral solid elements.
High quality mesh	The automatic mesher generates parabolic tetrahedral solid elements.

Linear elements are also called first-order, or lower-order elements. Parabolic elements are also called second-order, or higher-order elements.

A linear tetrahedral element is defined by four corner nodes connected by six straight edges. A parabolic tetrahedral element is defined by four corner nodes, six mid-side nodes, and six edges. The following figures show schematic drawings of linear and parabolic tetrahedral solid elements.

In general, for the same mesh density (number of elements), parabolic elements yield better results than linear elements because: 1) they represent curved boundaries more accurately, and 2) they produce better mathematical approximations. However, parabolic elements require greater computational resources than linear elements.

For structural problems, each node in a solid element has three degrees of freedom that represent the translations in three orthogonal directions. The software uses the X, Y, and Z directions of the global Cartesian coordinate system in formulating the problem.

For thermal problems, each node has one degree of freedom which is the temperature.

Shell Mesh

When using shell elements, the software generates one of the following types of elements depending on the active meshing options for the study:

Draft quality mesh	The automatic mesher generates linear triangular shell elements.
High quality mesh	The automatic mesher generates parabolic triangular shell elements.

A linear triangular shell element is defined by three corner nodes connected by three straight edges. A parabolic triangular element is defined by three corner nodes, three mid-side nodes, and three parabolic edges. For studies using sheet metals, the thickness of the shells is automatically extracted from the geometry of the model.

To set the desired option for a study, right-click the Mesh icon, select Create Mesh, and expand Advanced.

Shell elements are 2D elements capable of resisting membrane and bending loads.

Linear triangular element

Parabolic triangular element

For structural studies, each node in shell elements has six degrees of freedom; three translations and three rotations. The translational degrees of freedom are motions in the global X, Y, and Z directions. The rotational degrees of freedom are rotations about the global X, Y, and Z axes.

For thermal problems, each node has one degree of freedom which is the temperature.

The software generates a shell mesh automatically for the following geometries:

Sheet metals with uniform thicknesses	Sheet metals mesh with shell elements, except for drop test studies. The software assigns the thickness of shell based on sheet metal thickness. You can edit the default shell definition before running the study, except thickness.
Surface bodies	Surface bodies mesh with shell elements. The software assigns a thin shell formulation to each surface body. You can edit the default shell definition before running the study. For Engineering Tutorials: https://www.youtube.com/TecnisiaCAD http://tecnisiacadtraining.business.site Information Courtesy: SolidWorks Simulation

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TecnisiaCAD is registered under Ministry of Micro, Small & Medium Enterprises (MSME). We have a team who are Industrial experts, so we understand industrial requirements in better way. In this regard, we endeave to upgrade professional skills of an engineer or technical people so that they can directly start working as per industrial requirements. Our after training placement is very strong because of our large clientle services. They tell us their requirements about candidates and we give them skilled manpower.

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• Training on 3D CAD modeling of castings, forgings, plastic, sheet metal and machined components
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AUTOCAD TRAINING - TECNISIACAD

2D Drafting & 3D Modeling Training using AUTOCAD 

Objective of Course

This course teaches the production of 2D working drawings using AutoCAD instead of a drawing board. We show you how to create new drawings, edit existing drawings and plot drawings onto paper. It is entirely practical with a hands-on-approach and you will have your own professional CAD networked computer. You will be given e-books & practical exercise course notes.

Agenda

Introduction to the course and hardware -

• Overview of AutoCAD
• Overview of PC, Peripherals, System Settings and Variables. 
• Starting a New Drawing - Menus, Toolbars and Dialogue boxes.
• Drawing Commands - Line, Arc, Circle, Polygon, Blocks, Plines, Ellipses, Hatch, Text, Dimensions.
• Edit Commands - Erase, Array, Extend, Break, Trim, Mirror, Copy, Grips, Change, Rotate, Pedit, Etc.
• View Commands - Redraw, Zoom, Pan, Etc. Drawing Settings and Aids - Snapping to points, Grids, Precision input, Coordinates, Line and Text Styles, Drawing Limits, Layers, Units, Template Drawings.
• Assist Commands - Help! Cancel, Undo, Redo. Saving and Plotting Drawings
• Productivity Tools - Blocks, Dynamic Blocks
• Associative Tools - OLE, Hyperlinks

The above may be varied to suit clients preferences and requirements. At the end of the course the trainee will have produced a number of 2D drawings. These will be at the correct scale, showing text, dimensions and printed onto paper using varied line weights.

Who Should Attend?
New users of AutoCAD. Previous computer or CAD use is not required but we would recommend you have some experience on windows. Drawing board skills are very useful. Managers requiring an overview of AutoCAD for evaluation or management purposes.

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At the end of the course you will be presented with a TecnisiaCAD AutoCAD Certificate.


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